Best Dogs for a First Time Dog Owner

There is no one size fits all dog but there are certainly some breeds that are typically more user friendly than other breeds. Of course, there will always be exceptions to the rules but there are definitely breeds/types that I suggest to new dog guardians.  For example, I met the most low-key border collie that I have ever seen the other day but just because a low-key border collie exists, doesn’t mean I’d ever suggest them as a good breed for first time dog owners because the likelihood of getting a BC like him would be like winning the Powerball and Mega Millions jackpot in the same week. I am NOT saying that first time dog owners are not able to raise other breeds/types of dogs successfully.  I am suggesting that for many first time dog guardians, those breeds/types take a lot more work/effort/training/education to be successful and it often results in a dog being dumped in a shelter or rehomed unless the owner steps up to the plate.
For the purposes of this post, my imaginary first time dog guardians are not getting the dog for a specific purpose like canine sports or another job/activity. They may be young and single, they may be a young family, they may be middle aged and newly divorced, or they may be in their retirement years enjoying their new found free time. These are typically people who are interested in bringing a dog into their lives but not making their lives about the dog. They may or may not have done research prior to bringing a dog into their home and may or may not have lived with dogs as a kid. They want a dog who can go anywhere and do anything, that are friendly and accepting of most people, who don’t require a lot of exercise and who are low maintenance.
In thinking about this, I wanted to come up with a list of characteristics of dogs that would be friendly for new dog guardians. So I came up with a list of features that are first time ‘friendly’.

**Lower to moderate energy level
**Low to medium level of drive (play/prey/chase/etc)
**A breed/type that is not crippled with health issues
**Generally conciliatory–not overly pushy or independent
**Generally biddable or easily trained
**Typically friendly or tolerant of people/animals
**Typically not overly vocal

There are other characteristics to take into consideration but these were the main features that I kept in my mind while thinking about picking a great dog for a first timer. There are many other breeds/types out there that can make excellent first time dogs but these are some of my go-to suggestions (which vary based on the specific family’s needs/wants).

Adult Dog from a responsible rescue (preferably one in a foster home)
Okay, so this isn’t a breed but it’s often a really good option for first time dog guardians. I put more value in dogs who have been in foster homes for a while because it gives the rescue/foster family time to really get to know the dog and can provide valuable information to potential homes. This helps the first time dog guardian know what they are getting themselves into (*assuming the rescue is responsible and is honest about the dog). They can learn if the dog is house trained, what type of energy level the dog has, if the dog is easily trained, if the dog seeks out the guardians or if he’s more independent, if the dog settles easily in the home, if the dog is vocal, or if the dog has any behavior challenges. It is certainly not fool proof but getting an adult pre-owned dog can be a great addition for a new dog guardian.
Retired Greyhound
They are the fastest couch potatoes on the face of the planet! They are big, so that can be a draw back but they are typically very low key dogs. If you get a retired racer, they often come with pretty good leash skills, are outside the puppy chewing stage and after a stay in a foster home, they are generally exposed to new things like grass, stairs, doorbells, etc. They are low maintenance in terms of grooming, their exercise needs are surprisingly low, and while they can benefit from training classes, most are great pets without. They are typically very friendly, seek out relationships with people, and are mostly good with other dogs (size of other dog can play a role). Greyhounds have a lot of upside but they are not perfect. Only some are “cat safe” and able to live with kitties safely (or small dog safe), they often have dental issues, some can have gut issues, and they are not good “off leash” dogs.
Greyhounds, particularly retired racers, are dogs I frequently suggest to new dog guardians.
Pugs
Pugs are small and compact dogs. They are full of character but are typically not overly pushy or obnoxious. They are definitely into their people and while not typically obedience champs, they are pretty trainable. Although they make some funny sounds, they are not typically barky unlike many the other small dogs. Pugs are, by no means, exercise freaks and are easily satisfied with a moderate walk (or two) and some play time (young pugs are a bit higher energy but they tend to level off quickly). There are a lot of things to love about pugs but there are some drawbacks–they are not a terribly healthy breed, they can be heavy shedders, they can be a little bit independent, some can be a little too pushy, and finding a RESPONSIBLE breeder can be challenging (though there are plenty of pugs in shelter/rescue).
If people are looking for a small dog that is not overly fluffy, pugs are great options for many first time dog guardians.
Shih Tzu
Shih Tzus are small dogs that are typically lower energy. Shih Tzus tend not to be as barky as other toy dogs and are often pretty laid back (*there may be some regional difference for this based on some conversations with people who both agree and disagree with them on my list). They have moments of zoomie energy but it is typically short lived. It may be a ‘regional’ thing but I have seen far fewer shih tzus with aggression problems than some of their other toy breed counterparts (Lhasas, Bichons, Chihuahuas). They can be quite trainable but they seem to pick up on routines nicely that they often do well even without major manners training. Like all dogs, there are some definite downsides to shih tzus–they are not the healthiest breed, they do require regular professional grooming (or a guardian learn how to do it), and finding a responsible breeder can be challenging.
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel–These are great small dogs who tend to be very friendly, outgoing, and social. Their main drawbacks are the health of the breed and finding a responsible breeder.
Basset Hounds–Bassets are fantastic dogs! They are not as hard to train as some people make them out to be (they are VERY food motivated typically) but it takes patience! These guys need a little more exercise, more attention to their diet, and the breed isn’t the healthiest but they are great options for novice handlers.
Standard Poodle–For active families looking for an active companion, poodles can be a great choice. Grooming needs, finding a quality breeder, and that they do require more exercise/work are a few drawbacks for first time dog guardians.
Other breeds can certainly be great first time dogs but these are some of my go-to dogs. Typically, I don’t suggest breeds from the terrier group, many dogs from the herding group, most of the working group, and I actually stray from common breeds like labs, goldens, and German shepherd (mostly because these dogs tend to be higher energy than most novice dog owners realize, are too smart for their own good, and are often very drivey).
One of the common themes you’ll see is “finding a responsible breeder.”  This makes all the difference in the world if you are opting for a purebred dog.  An AKC Cavalier who comes from a Pet Store (puppy mill) is much more likely to have serious behavior and medical problems than a Cavalier who came from a responsible breeder.  For more on responsible breeders check out this old post. For more on selecting the right breed for your family check out this old post.
So, what did I miss?
**Added to the list from the comments**
Collie–  Generally speaking, collies are great options for families who don’t mind larger dogs with lots of fur (if you get a rough variety).  They are active but not overly energetic and have relatively sound temperaments typically.  It can, however, be a challenge finding a quality breeder that is focusing on the health and temperament of the breed.
Havanese–  These dogs are small dogs that have a moderate amount of energy.  They are generally happy-go-lucky in personality and are often quite spirited.  They do require a lot of grooming which is a downside and finding a quality breeder can be a challenge, but they are good choices for first timers.